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Abstract-
Present study was carried out to investigate
antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and
nephroprotective activity of hydroalcoholic extract
of aerial parts of Cassia auriculata L. (HACA) in
streptozotocin induced diabetes rats, to focus on its
possible mode of action and identification of possible
phytoconstituents responsible for the proposed
activity.
Experimental diabetes was induced in wistar rats
by single intraperitonial injection of streptozotocin
(65 mg/kg). Animals were divided in six groups
(n=6) and treated with variable doses of HACA
for 4 weeks. At the end of 4 weeks, fasting blood
glucose, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), blood
urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, serum total
proteins, serum albumin, lipid profile, glycosylated
haemoglobin, was determined. Antioxidant enzymes
of kidney were evaluated. Urine was analyzed for
albumin, total proteins and creatinine clearance.
Kidney of experimental animals was examined to
determine structural changes. The results of our study
demonstrate antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic
and nephroprotective potential of aerial parts
of Cassia auriculata L. justifying its use in the
indigenous system of medicine.
Keywords – Streptozotocin, Cassia auriculata,
Diabetes, Antihyperlipidemic, Antioxidant
I. Introduction
Diabetes mellitus is a clinical syndrome characterized
by hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative
deficiency of insulin. Lack of insulin affects the
metabolism of carbohydrate, protein and fat leading
to significant disturbance of water and electrolyte
homeostasis. [1,2]. Current research is focused
Study of Antihyperglycemic, Antihyperlipidemic
and Nephroprotective Activity of Cassia
Auriculata L. Extract in Streptozotocin Induced
Diabetic Rats.
Deepti D.Bandawane*1, Neelam K. Mhetre2
*1 Department of Pharmacology,
P.E. Society’s Modern College of Pharmacy, Sector 21, Yamunanagar, Nigdi, Pune- 411 044, India.
[email protected]
on the development of newer drug leads from
phytoconstituents of medicinal plants which have
been used in traditional practices, so as to get more
potential and effective agents with lesser side effects
than existing hypoglycemic agents

Abstract :
The TRIPS Agreement has created unprecedented
changes in the Patenting Law and the most affected
of this is the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry.
The current article is a case study of one of the
most famous case in the Pharmaceutical Industry
which is set to change the outlook of the Indian
Pharmaceutical Industry to the outside world.
Keywords : Pharmaceutical, Patent, Infringememnt.
Background
India’s pharmaceutical industry is considered as the
3rd largest in the world in terms of volume and the
14th in terms of its value. With China, Brazil and
Russia, it led a group of seventeen high-growth
pharmaceuticals markets also called “pharmerging
countries” which are expected to contribute to nearly
50% of the annual pharmaceutical market growth in

According to the research firm IMS Health,
sales in those emerging markets are predicted to
reach 30% of global pharmaceutical spending in
2016, compared to 20% in 2011. India’s robust
pharmaceutical industry was estimated at over USD
$10-billion in 20102. By 2020, pharmaceutical sales
in India are predicted to grow to as much as USD $74
billion – over six times than what they were in 20103.
But, despite its thriving pharmaceutical market,
improving its population’s access to medicines is a
key concern for a country that has nearly “70% of
its population living on less than USD $2 per day”
and only 5% with access to private health insurance4.
Generic pharmaceutical manufacturers dominate the
Indian pharmaceutical market, accounting for up to
90% of product sales. According to Yusuf Hamied,
chairman of the Indian pharmaceutical company
CIPLA, “India boasts more drug-manufacturing
facilities that have been approved by the U.S. Food
and Drug Administration than any other country
outside of the United States”

Abstract –
Radio spectrum is the basic resource to carry
information for wireless networks and cyberphysical
system (CPS) relies on wireless networks
for devices control and information backhaul. But,
the increasingly CPS wireless applications badly
affects spectrum scarce situations. For the existing
spectrum allocation schemes, an efficient way
against spectrum scarcity is considered to be dynamic
spectrum access (DSA). Cognitive femtocells, with
spectrum environment observation and parameters
adaption abilities, can access and share more
valuable spectrum dynamically to support massive
wireless service deployment.
Keywords – cognitive radio, femtocells, duty cycle
I. Introduction
Due to massive network scale of CPS, the wireless
networks suffer heavy traffic load. The basic
resource to carry information for wireless networks
is radio spectrum. Because of the exponential data
growth, the efficient use of radio spectrum in CPS
communication becomes necessary. The efficient
spectrum utilization provides efficient spectrum
opportunities for emergent technologies or services
and utilizes already crowded frequency bands with
better spectrum efficiency. The problem of spectrum
scarcity caused by static spectrum allocation
schemes is solved by dynamic spectrum access
(DSA) technology.

Abstract
The Indian banking sector is going through a major
transformation with the changing policies. The role
of banking industry is very important and essential
service sector. The significant role of banking
industry is to enhance economic development. Banks
play an important role in the economic development
by investing in various sectors
The changing economic policies of globalization,
liberalization and privatization have given rise to
new blend of players in the banking industry – public
sector banks, private banks, and foreign banks- having
their branches in India taking in view satisfaction of
customers needs and requirement thereby ensuring
customer satisfaction. The emerging competition
has generated new expectations from customers.
Innovative products have to be therefore introduced in
a cost effective manner inline with the technological
advancements. With the increasing income levels,
customer’s requirements also increase. All these
factors lead to a growing demand for competitive,
refined retail banking services. This paper explains
the changing banking scenario briefly highlighting
the challenges and opportunities of Indian banking
sector
Keywords : Technological advancements, E-Banking,
Customer relationship management,
Introduction :
India is one of the top 10 economies in the world,
where the banking sector has tremendous potential to
grow. The Indian Banking sector is on an increasing
trend showing continuous growth. With the increase
in the disposable income and earnings of the
individuals in the country, has been an advantage
to the banking sector in India. There has also been
an increase in various transactions on account of
technological advancements resulting in increase of
internet based banking activities, mobile banking
activities, ATM services. During the last decade
customers utilized the ATM, internet and mobile
banking services extensively. All the banks in India
such as the Public sector banks, Private sector Banks
and the Foreign banks having branches in India have
shown a considerable increase in their activities thus
enhancing their customer reach. India‘s banking
sector is currently valued at Rs. 81 trillion (US$
1.31 trillion). It has the potential to become the fifth
largest banking industry in the world by 2020 and
the third largest by 2025, according to an industry
report. The face of Indian banking has changed
over the years. Banks are now reaching out to the
masses with technology in order to facilitate greater
and faster communication, and ensuring that all the
transactions are carried out through the Internet and
mobile devices accurately.

Abstract:
A non-linear increase in the vehicle density is
causing severe pollution problems and accidents
in metropolitan cities. At the same time, there
are no proportional enhancements in transport
infrastructure, due to space and cost constraints,
leading to road traffic congestion raising a main
concern for pollution. This paper proposes a vision
based approach using vehicle density measurement
method which a closed loop imposing statistical
control strategy for optimal traffic controls.
Keywords : road traffic congestion, vehicle density
measurement method, closed loop, statistical control,
real time traffic control, optimal traffic control
I. Introduction
Road traffic congestion is a recurring problem
worldwide. Non-optimal traffic controls, nonfavorable
road conditions and undisciplined traffic
are the major contributing factors for such traffic
congestions. Road traffic congestion results in long
waiting time, wastage of fuel, increased air pollution
and carbon dioxide emissions, stressed and frustrated
motorists, road accidents etc. Therefore it is necessary
to have a fast efficient road traffic control system.
Intelligent traffic management will help to avoid the
road traffic congestion issues to a certain extent [1].
To solve the problem of road traffic congestion at
traffic signal, government has to find new methods to
monitor and control the traffic. One way to solve the
problem of traffic congestion is to give an efficient,
real time control strategy that will control the traffic
based on vehicle flow measurement/ density for
the smooth flow of traffic. The paper proposes a
vision based approach for road traffic control. The
main emphasis is given to maintain the equal traffic
density in all the directions of traffic signal and avoid
the traffic congestion. By using image processing
the vehicle flow is measured and the traffic signal is
controlled in real time.

Abstract –
Karyological characters of 18 fishes from Mula and
Mutha River were studied by examining metaphase
chromosome spreads. Four species includes showed
good chromosomal spreads. Diploid chromosome
number of R. daniconius was 2n=75 whereas O.
bimaculatus showed 2n=48. Similarly, P. sophore and
M. cavasius showed 2n=50 and 2n=58 respectively.
For other fish species, we faced technical difficulties
which are discussed here with probable solutions on
them.
Keywords – Metaphase, karyotyping, Western Ghats,
Mula-mutha, freshwater fishes
I. Introduction
The Western Ghats of India is one among the 25
global biodiversity hot spots with a high degree of
endemism with rare, endemic and threatened species
of flora and fauna [1]. Such rich biodiversity and
endemism is the outcome of unique geological,
topographical and climatic conditions. Western
Ghats harbor 11% of world’s total ichthyofauna [2].
About 2000 freshwater fishes are known to occur
in India, of which 288 are endemic to the Western
Ghats [3], [4]. Studies dealing with compilation of
the endemic fishes from various streams and rivers
in the Western Ghats mountain ranges have been
carried out several times [5-10]. While a great deal of
attention has been given to the loss of biodiversity in
tropical rain forests, or in coastal areas, the diversity
of and within freshwaters has been widely neglected.
Fresh water fishes represent the most threatened
group of vertebrates[11]. In classifying the worlds’
top 25 biodiversity hot spots; vertebrate group was
considered excluding fish. This is mainly because of
the poorly available data wherein the author predicts
that there could be at least 5, 000 species waiting to
be discovered among fish, which is more than all
mammals

Abstract :
Broad ligament is very uncommon site for
presentation of leiomyoma. On account of their size
and nature, clinically they may present variably. We
are presenting a rare case of leiomyoma of broad
ligament in 35 years old premenstrual female who
presented with complains of lump in abdomen. On
clinical and radiological examination it was found to
be large cystic intrabdominal mass suspected to be a
mesenteric cyst and confirmed histopathologically as
leiomyoma of broad ligament. We present this case
on account of its rarity, diagnostic difficulties posed
and its successful removal through small incision
after laparoscopic mobilization.
Key words – Broad ligament, leiomyoma
Introduction :
Among extrauterine leiomyomas broad ligament
are the most common to occur (1). Due to unusual
location and growth pattern was difficult to diagnose
both clinically and radiologically(2). This is one case
of broad ligament leiomyoma presented as lump in
abdomen.

Abstract –
The present investigation reports a digital solution
to overcome limitations of traditional herbarium.
The data of tree species in the Western Ghat regions
of Maharashtra is presented in this paper. The
botanical information and digital photographs of
about 130 tree species from the Western Ghat regions
of Pune, Kolhapur, Thane, Satara, Sangali, Raigad
and Sindhudurg districts of Maharashtra were used
to build a searchable database to be made available
online at the dedicated website www.indianflora.
org. So far, the data of about 535 tree species which
include 43 endemic to Western Ghats and 7 rare
species has been recorded.
Keywords : Digital herbarium, Digital images,
Endemic plants, Maharashtra, Plant systematics,
Western Ghats
I. Introduction
The term herbarium, used in the strictest sense
today, is a collection of preserved plant specimens.
The importance of herbarium as a teaching, learning
resource has been established from time to time in
colleges, universities and research institutions as well.
Every institution concerned with Plant Sciences has
a collection of such herbarium specimens. The plant
species represented in such collections are usually
collected during the field visits organized by the
institutes and also from the personal collection. These
herbarium specimens are usually from the local areas
and are easily accessible only to the researchers of
the adjoining areas. Furthermore, these are physical
specimens and therefore demands sufficiently large,
dedicated and well equipped infrastructure. It also
demands recurrent expenses on manpower required
to maintain such herbaria and for preserving these
specimens in acceptable conditions.

INDEX
● Large Broad Ligament Leiomyoma 07
Prof. Dr. Gajanan R. Ekbote, Abhijit Powar, Namrata Joshi
● Digital Herbarium of Angiospermic Tree Species from 11
Western Ghat Regions of Maharashtra
Rajendra S. Zunjarrao, Rajkumar B. Barmukh, Anita S. Kindre
● Karyotype Analysis of Some Fresh Water Fishes of 14
Mula and Mutha River Pune, Maharashtra
Sanjay S. Kharat, Nitin S. Sawant, Kishor S. Sonawane
● A Vision Based Approach for Optimal Real 22
Time Road Traffic Control Application
Swati N. Divatankar, A. D. Shaligram, Umesh N. Hivarkar
● Indian Banking Industry: Growth and Challenges 25
Vijayalakshmi Srinivas
● An Up-Swing of M-Commerce In India 29
Nivedita Ekbote,
● Use of Cognitive Femtocell in GSM White Space Spectrum 34
Kalyani R. Joshi
● Patents vis-à-vis Health – the Novartis Issue: An Analysis 38
Sunita Adhav
● Study of Antihyperglycemic, Antihyperlipidemic and Nephroprotective 43
Activity of Cassia Auriculata L. Extract in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats.
Deepti D. Bandawane, Neelam K. Mhetre
● ICT in Higher Education : A Case Study 50
Neelima Kulkarni, Sneha Ogale